Common Causes of Shoulder Pain
Shoulder pain can stem from injuries, overuse, or degenerative changes. The most common shoulder problems treated at our orthopedic clinic in Wakad include:
- Frozen shoulder (adhesive capsulitis) — stiffness and pain from capsule thickening
- Rotator cuff tears — partial or complete tears of the shoulder muscles and tendons
- Shoulder impingement syndrome — tendons getting pinched during arm movement
- Shoulder dislocation or instability — recurrent slipping of the joint
- Shoulder arthritis — cartilage breakdown causing chronic pain
- Biceps tendonitis — inflammation of the bicep tendon at the shoulder
- Bursitis — inflamed bursa sac in the shoulder joint
Frozen Shoulder — Causes and Treatment
Frozen shoulder is one of the most common shoulder conditions seen in patients in Wakad and Pune, particularly in individuals with diabetes or after periods of shoulder immobility. It causes progressive pain, stiffness, and eventually significant loss of shoulder movement. Treatment involves physiotherapy, anti-inflammatory medications, steroid injections, and in persistent cases, manipulation under anaesthesia or arthroscopic capsular release.
Rotator Cuff Injuries
The rotator cuff is a group of four muscles and tendons that stabilise the shoulder. Tears can occur due to acute injury (fall, lifting) or gradual degeneration. Symptoms include weakness, pain when lifting the arm, and night pain disturbing sleep. Small tears are often managed conservatively with physiotherapy and injections, while larger tears may require arthroscopic surgical repair for full recovery.
Shoulder Instability
Shoulder instability occurs when the joint is loose and prone to dislocation. Patients experience a feeling of the shoulder slipping or giving way, especially during overhead activities. Recurrent dislocations cause progressive damage to the joint. Dr. Rahul Kalekar evaluates instability and recommends the appropriate treatment — from physiotherapy-based strengthening to surgical stabilisation (Bankart repair) for recurring dislocations.
Treatment Methods for Shoulder Pain
At Kalekar's Star Ortho & Women Care Clinic in Wakad, shoulder pain is treated using a stepwise, evidence-based approach:
- Thorough clinical examination and imaging (X-ray, MRI, ultrasound)
- Physiotherapy focusing on range-of-motion and strength restoration
- Steroid or hyaluronic acid injections for inflammation and pain relief
- Shockwave therapy for chronic tendon conditions
- Arthroscopic (keyhole) surgery for rotator cuff repairs and capsular release
- Open surgery for complex shoulder reconstructions when necessary
- Post-operative rehabilitation programme for complete recovery


